農曆十月小陽春,立冬小雪來養身。立冬進補要輕巧,小雪防寒護腎腰。
樂生療養院中醫科黃昭蓉醫師說,馬上就要邁入一年中氣候最寒冷的季節,因晝短夜長,陽氣潛藏,陰氣盛極,萬物蟄伏,常使人情緒低落,精神不振,最好保持家居與工作環境明亮,讓心志平靜,以順應伏藏陽氣。
「立冬一日,水冷三分」,雖然有時暖和像春天,但仍要注意保暖。黃醫師表示,早睡有利潛藏陽氣,避免寒氣侵襲,晚起則能守精養陰,使陰平陽秘,減少疾病產生。尤其應提防輻射冷卻造成的清晨低溫,有些遇寒加重的痛症或疾病都要小心防範,例如氣喘、咳嗽、四肢冰冷、皮膚乾裂、筋骨酸痛、消化不良、心絞痛等,可以穿保暖衣襪睡覺,等待晨間陽光再起床,適當曬太陽補充陽氣,讓血脈溫煦,頭腦清醒,精神飽滿。至於清晨或晚間需外出的朋友,因低溫環境會使血管增加壓力,提高心臟、腦血管疾病風險,建議出入溫差大的場所要戴帽子或領巾,來減緩頭頸部的溫差變化,切勿進行過度激烈的運動,若有出汗要立即擦乾並小心吹風受寒感冒。當然也可以在睡前(晚上9-11點)用熱水加艾草泡腳,活絡血脈,消除疲勞,溫暖肝腎,幫助睡眠。
黃昭蓉中醫師還建議,可利用「食藥同源」來補冬,順應自己的體質,把握溫而不散,熱而不燥的原則,養血固腎防寒。例如經常手腳冰冷、容易疲勞或者遇寒就會使原本疾病症狀加重的人,可以適當溫補,例如四物、八珍、十全搭配穀類、根莖類、韭菜、麻油、蔥薑蒜椒等辛溫香料;如果經常怕熱燥渴,心情煩躁難眠或排便質硬顆粒,則不可溫補,或選擇搭配滋陰潤燥的食材,例如木耳、白蘿蔔、白菜、水梨、冬瓜、百合、桑椹等;若是怕冷又怕熱,體質不宜吃太熱或太寒的人,可先平補脾胃,例如四神湯(山藥、芡實、茯苓、蓮子)、薏仁、穀類、芝麻、山楂、甘草、何首烏等。
最後,黃醫師建議,若想更了解冬季養藏之道,擬定適合自己的補冬食譜,歡迎親自來樂生諮詢中醫師喔!
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