2024 年 08 月 22 日

今年巴黎奧運期間,女性議題及對運動員的刻板印象引發風波;所幸代表台灣出賽的女拳擊手不受網路霸凌影響,以實力奪得金牌凱旋歸國。像是這樣的事件其實不斷在發生;還有一種細微到幾乎難以察覺的「日常歧視」也經常被忽視,就像是「人心的病毒」恐對民眾心理健康造成影響。「2024日常歧視大調查」發現,有65%的民眾曾經遭遇過日常歧視言語或是行為對待。有鑑於此,深耕抗病毒領域的台灣吉立亞醫藥善盡企業社會責任,攜手中華衛生心理協會,共同發布「日常歧視應對指南」以及趣味互動線上遊戲,呼籲大眾重視日常歧視的影響、提升全民心理健康。衛生福利部心理健康司洪嘉璣專門委員與奧運國手連珍羚及吳佳穎也共同出席記者會呼籲,透過「察覺、溝通、反思!」三招杜絕日常歧視、共創友善環境。

調查發現,52%民眾並不了解日常歧視,恐在無意中透過言語傷人

日常歧視又分為口語日常歧視、行為日常歧視(例如,對著照顧者講話而非身障者本人)以及環境日常歧視(例如,問卷上僅提供二元的性別選項)等。調查中發現,在解釋日常歧視後,有半數民眾承認曾對他人表現出日常歧視的言語或行為,其中朋友聚會/對話是最常發生日常歧視的場域,可見朋友之間的「互虧」,很可能會冒犯甚至傷害他人。65%民眾也表示曾遭遇過日常歧視言語或行為對待,且最常發生的場域竟然是花最多時間的「職場」與最應該提供溫暖的「家庭」!衛生福利部心理健康司專委洪嘉璣表示:「世界衛生組織(WHO)宣言,有心理健康才有真正的健康(No health without mental health)。近年心理健康議題逐漸受到各界重視,為鼓勵民眾在生活或職場上,遇到心理健康問題時能勇於求助,本部於113年8月1日起持續推動『15-45歲青壯世代心理健康支持方案』,提供每人3次免費心理諮商,也期望透過本方案鼓勵求助,去除對心理問題、心理諮商的污名。此外,為提高心理資源可近性,並落實『心理健康為普世人權』,本部亦將持續與22縣市合作佈建社區心理衛生中心,目前已建置51處,目標2025年達71處。」

日常歧視恐導致壓力和焦慮的情緒!連奧運國手自小就得對抗性別與職業所帶來的日常歧視!

日常歧視不僅會加深大眾對特定族群的偏頗想法,也會讓被日常歧視的對象感到懷疑或自卑,導致壓力和焦慮的情緒 。丘彥南醫師進一步分享:「臨床上常見學生因日常歧視而遭同儕霸凌,或師長不當對待,導致學生身心症狀加劇。還有不少家長因擔心孩子被貼上負面標籤,而沒有及時讓有學習困難、注意力缺損、過動等症狀,或溝通及社交障礙孩童接受正式評估後接受特教心理輔導等幫助。」一同響應的中華心理衛生協會常務監事、台灣心理健康聯盟召集人張珏教授則強調「普及心理健康的觀念非常重要。」

三度征戰奧運的柔道女王連珍羚,以及有「射擊甜心」封號的射擊選手吳佳穎,也紛紛表示她們從小就經常聽到「頭腦簡單,四肢發達才會去當運動員」,或是「體育生日後沒有出息」等質疑聲音,甚至還因為運動細胞較發達被老師形容像「男人婆」。對於這次奧運場上熱議的選手性別議題,兩位選手一致認為,在運動場上,選手們不分國籍、不分種族,只以實力和公平競爭為準則。女性運動員跟不應該受到刻板印象對待,影響自己內心真正想要追求的夢想。

察覺、溝通、反思,三招杜絕日常歧視!

為了提升民眾對日常歧視的認識,台灣吉立亞醫藥與中華衛生心理協會共同發起「日常歧視應對指南」以及「維奇在哪裡」小遊戲,邀請民眾透過體驗認識日常歧視。吉立亞醫藥長期關注於社會議題,並致力於攜手政府、社群解決公衛問題,總經理Cathy Su表示:「過去我們深耕在抗病毒領域,更加了解歧視與汙名所帶來負面影響。希望透過本次活動拋磚引玉,讓更多人重視日常歧視的問題,對台灣社會帶來正向改變,從心裡到疾病,打造健康台灣。」最後與中華心理衛生協會共同呼籲三招預防日常歧視:「察覺差異,尊重彼此」、「換位思考,互相溝通」、「反思自己,力行共好」,杜絕人心的病毒,共創友善環境。

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