2024 年 09 月 25 日

「你每天喝的水夠嗎?」——這個關乎健康的日常問題,未來將變成「你每天喝的水夠安全嗎?」、「你喝的水符合標準嗎?」水資源的永續性已是全球關注的議題,隨著人口成長和氣候變遷的挑戰,水資源的管理與保護,以及民眾飲水安全已引起各國政府、國際組織、學術單位和民間團體的高度關注。

「老闆,一杯珍奶半糖少冰」、「有藥可以拿先拿再說,吃不完再丟掉就好了」,像這樣的對話是不是覺得很熟悉?手搖杯是不分男女老少,全台灣都熱愛的國民飲品,也鑑於台灣發展成熟的健保制度,讓部分民眾覺得藥品先拿好拿滿再說。像是塑膠手搖杯、吸管,又或是過期藥品都潛藏著飲用水污染危機,這些尚未受法規規範,又會對人體健康造成影響的物質即為「新興污染物」。

遠見民調中心日前進行了一項雙重水污染影響民眾用水認知的調查——《未知用水危機:你的水杯中藏著什麼?》,發現大眾對水資源和新興污染物的認識仍存在許多誤區。即便有近六成民眾認為民生廢棄藥品、塑膠、食品添加劑等「新興污染物」對日常飲水健康損害很大,但卻未用迫切地態度面對和處理,也尚未調整自身相應實際作為。仍有超過半數的人經常使用塑膠袋、塑膠吸管,也繼續將過期藥品直接丟進垃圾桶裡,造成水資源污染風險,引發潛在飲水危機,認知與行動深具落差。

水污染認知落後,逾六成民眾缺乏「新興污染物」飲用水危機意識

遠見民調中心於活動中分享雙重水污染影響民眾用水認知調查結果

遠見民調中心所做的調查指出,超過八成五的民眾認為造成水污染的主要人造物,前兩大仍是「重金屬」(87.6%)與「化學品排放」(87.0%), 第三名至第五名才是塑料顆粒(76.5%)、藥物殘留(61.3%)和農藥/除草劑(55.6%),民眾認為這些成分威脅飲用水的程度比較低。但事實上,台灣目前自來水的重金屬含量完全符合國家安全標準,而新興污染物,如:藥物殘留、塑膠微粒和環境荷爾蒙,政府目前還缺乏完善的規範,以去年臺灣37座淨水場的全氟烷基化合物(PFAS)檢測值超標為例,環境部自今年八月中旬才開始制定相關規範,數值相對寬鬆,但國人卻不太重視。

即便許多民眾知道塑料微粒會威脅飲用水安全,但仍有過半的人(57.1%)有常常使用塑膠袋和吸管的習慣;關於藥品,甚至有近九成受訪者(89.6%)表示曾有藥物吃不完過期經驗,且一半以上的人(55.7%)會將其棄置垃圾桶,但卻僅有不到四成民眾(37%)對於新興污染物具有危機意識感,多數民眾未認知到自己也是污染製造者。

八成家庭必備濾水器保障飲水安全,但功能性不足

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然而,每日居家飲水的守門員就是自家的濾水器及飲水器,已成為大部分家庭的必備品,但調查結果卻發現,多數民眾對自家飲用水有過度樂觀的心態。即便有八成以上(80.3%)的民眾選擇使用濾水器來保障飲水安全,安裝七年以上(41.4%)的長期使用者更佔大宗,但家中的濾水器的常見功能,卻仍只停留在去除水中的氯和重金屬(68.5%),近一步探究,也確實發現高達近八成民眾(78.6%)最在意淨水器的功能,仍停留在能不能去除氯和重金屬,忽視了過濾新興污染物的重要性。

進一步訪問有安裝濾水器的民眾發現,仍有超過四成的人(43.2%)表示雖然聽說過新興污染物,但卻未進一步了解,為了全民的飲水健康,積極性須要提升;但最令人擔憂的是,在沒有安裝濾水器的受訪者中,有近六成(57%)完全沒有關注新興污染物,風險認知明顯落後有安裝濾水器的人。

中原大學生物科技學系副教授,同時也是美國毒理學會認證專家招名威指出,隨著社會發展,出現許多尚無法規規範,且對人體健康及生態環境具有風險性的化學污染物,例如塑膠微粒或廢棄藥品,這些新興污染物對飲用水具潛在性的嚴重影響,提醒民眾在挑選淨水器時需特別留意是否具備濾除新興污染物的功能;此外,招名威也提醒,對於民眾的飲用水,除了能夠濾除新興污染物外,具備紫外線殺菌功能同樣重要。

安麗自1984年於美國市場首次推出淨水器產品以來,堅持以提供全球家庭純淨安心的飲用水為使命,至今益之源淨水器已是全球銷售第一的家用淨水器品牌。全新產品「安麗益之源淨水器Pro」,結合「E3極緻活性碳濾心」與「UV-C LED紫外線滅菌艙」雙重技術,具備「過濾」和「滅菌」的雙重特色,能滅除多種環境中的新興污染物,不僅為民眾提供最好的飲用水,也為未來的飲水安全做最嚴格的把關。

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