2024 年 03 月 06 日 
去年開始全球麻疹人數上升，歐洲、美國有小規模疫情
就在上週台灣出現首例境外移入麻疹
這週出現多例群聚感染
麻疹病毒正式入侵！ 🦠
麻疹病毒為什麼恐怖？
1. 透過空氣傳染，傳染力極強
2. 可能引發腦膜炎、腦炎、肺炎 危及生命
3. 孕婦感染會影響胎兒
好消息是只要體內有抗體，就能預防麻疹💉
誰該打疫苗，懶人包請看圖
1️⃣ 你是 1981 年前出生嗎？
👉1981 年前出生者： 80% 的人都已感染過麻疹，體內具永久抗體，所以只有當時的 ✨天選之人✨需要施打2 劑疫苗 。
💡建議先驗抗體，沒有抗體者，接種兩劑疫苗
👉 1981 年後出生者：兒童時期皆接受過公費疫苗，擁有疫苗抗體。
但是 50 % 的人在 20-25 歲時已驗不到抗體 ，所以建議20 歲以上的高風險族群直接補打一劑。
饒饒醫師也是在某次醫院體檢時發現抗體失效，又補打的唷！
2️⃣ 1981 年後生，20 歲以下呢？
👉 15- 20 歲的青少年擁有抗體的比例為 50-75% ，可先檢測抗體後決定是否補打
3️⃣ 0-15 歲兒童： 依照公費施打時間接種疫苗
第一劑：滿1 歲
第二劑： 5-7 歲
👉 0.5 – 1 歲高風險兒童可先打一劑，再依正常時間接種2 劑疫苗
🤰 麻疹三合一疫苗為活性減毒疫苗，孕婦及免疫嚴重缺失者不宜施打。 （孕婦建議產後 4 週施打）
💡高風險感染的人：
1. 最近要前往疫區
2. 醫療人員
3. 工作頻繁接觸外國人者
4. 照顧尚未接種第一劑疫苗幼兒的人
5. 可能懷孕的婦女都建議在懷孕前取得抗體，懷孕後就不能打了喔！！
參考資料：
Bianchi FP, Mascipinto S, Stefanizzi P, De Nitto S, Germinario C, Tafuri S. Long-term immunogenicity after measles vaccine vs. wild infection: an Italian retrospective cohort study. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021 Jul 3;17(7):2078-2084. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1871296. Epub 2021 Jan 27. PMID: 33502929; PMCID: PMC8189124.
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