很快就要過農曆新年,各大公司行號陸續開始舉辦尾牙,面對大魚大肉的豐盛美食,該如何健康享用呢?臺北市立聯合醫院仁愛院區消化內科主任陳冠仰建議,利用正確的進食順序,有利腸胃消化,可先喝湯,再吃清淡食物,接著是熱炒食物,最好避開油炸類,至於甜食和飲品盡量避免空腹時食用。
陳冠仰表示,人的消化系統分泌可分成三個進程,分別是頭像、胃像和腸像。一開始先看到食物、聞到飯菜香,便開始分泌唾液;當食物進到胃部和腸道後,就會分泌胃酸和消化酵素,來分解食物,這個過程都是中樞神經受到刺激,而產生的自發反應。若暴飲暴食,就會讓食物的排通變慢,造成胃的收縮功能變差,當食物一直留在胃部,中樞神經便會持續分泌胃酸,可能導致急性胃炎;若是胃食道逆流或胃潰瘍的病患,則會加重病情。
由於秋冬寒冷,胃部的血液循環較慢,飲食需要特別留意。尤其尾牙和春酒是中國人必要的社交應酬,吃大餐時難免會喝酒,若食用辛辣、油膩食物加上貪杯,常常會造成身體不適,得不償失。陳冠仰說,尾牙場合中盡量不要過量飲食,並不是分配到盤子裡的食物,就必須吃完。如果可以,盡量避開油炸和辛辣食物,並減少飲酒,進食冷、熱食物中間,稍微空一段時間,可減少腸胃負擔。
此外,陳冠仰提醒,應酬回家後不要立刻躺下睡覺,因為胃部往下收縮的效率,會因躺平姿勢而受到影響;胃食道逆流患者,有下食道括約肌鬆弛的問題,更容易因躺平而加重症狀。建議可先以坐姿休息取代躺下,更有助胃部消化。
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